Flood discharge and energy dissipation by jets from outlets in high arch dam

The scale effect by an aerated water jet diffusing in the water upon the hydrodynamic pressure, the local river bed scour by multiple layered jets and by those colliding in the vertical and the transverse directions, and the stability of the apron slab both in the inverted arch cushion pool and the flat-bottom one by the large discharge and the high water head with 300 m level are researched in detail by means of model test and numerical simulation. A mathematic model simulating the destabilization of the flat bottomed-slab is established to discover the mechanism of its stability. Both experimental researches both on the hydrodynamic pressure acted inside joints between the bedrock and the apron slab, and on the forces at arch abutments in inverted arch cushion pool are carried out by using an advanced measurement and the imitation means to acquire the mechanism of the inverted arch pool to keep stability and Its stability condition.